Tensile Amandla Tester

Umatshini wamkela ukulayishwa kwe-hydraulic, umboniso wekhompyuter, kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukuxinana, ukucinezelwa, ukugoba kunye nokugoba iimvavanyo zemathiriyeli yentsimbi. Izincedisi ezongezelelweyo ezilula kunye nezixhobo zingasetyenziselwa ukuvavanya iinkuni, ikhonkrithi, i-samente, i-rubber, njl. Ezilungele kakhulu iintlobo zobunzima obuphezulu, ubulukhuni obuphezulu bentsimbi okanye izinto ezingezona zetsimbi phantsi kovavanyo olukhulu lwamandla omthwalo.

Umatshini wokuvavanya i-tensile yeplastiki kunye nezixhobo zerabha sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sovavanyo esisetyenziselwa ukuvavanya iimpawu zomatshini zeplastiki kunye nezixhobo zerabha.

Izixhobo zokuvavanya iplastiki zihlala ziqulunqwe yinkqubo yokulayisha, inkqubo yokulinganisa, inkqubo yokulawula kunye nokufumana idatha kunye nenkqubo yokucubungula. Umgaqo wokusebenza kukulinganisa i-deformation kunye noxinzelelo lwesampulu yeplastiki ngexesha lenkqubo ye-tensile ngokusebenzisa amandla okunyusa ngokuthe ngcembe, ukuze ufumane uluhlu lweeparitha zokusebenza eziphambili.

Izixhobo zokuvavanya ifilimu yeplastiki isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kulawulo lomgangatho wamashishini okuvelisa ifilimu yeplastiki ukunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zihlangabezana nemigangatho efanelekileyo kunye neemfuno zabathengi. Kwangaxeshanye, ikwabonelela ngenkxaso yedatha kwisebe lophando kunye nophuhliso lokuphucula ukusebenza kwemveliso, eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu ekuphuculeni umgangatho kunye nokhuphiswano lwentengiso yefilimu yeplastiki.

Izixhobo zokuvavanya amandla e-tensile zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimathiriyeli yentsimbi, iiplastiki, irabha, ifayibha, imathiriyeli edibeneyo kunye namanye amasimi. Kwizinto zetsimbi, amandla ayo, ukuqina kunye ne-ductility inokuqondwa ngokusebenzisa iimvavanyo; Kwiimveliso zeplastiki, ukuxhathisa kwazo kunye nokuqina kunokuhlolwa; Ngokubhekiselele kwifiber kunye nezixhobo ezidibeneyo, inokunceda ukumisela iimpawu zabo zomatshini kunye nokubonelela ngesiseko soyilo lwemveliso kunye nokuphucula.

Ikholamu enye ukuma nkqo, uyilo compact, ukonga indawo, ngelixa uqinisekisa uzinzo kunye nokuchaneka kovavanyo. Umatshini wokuvavanya uxhotyiswe ngeenzwa ezichanekileyo eziphezulu kunye neenkqubo zokulawula eziphambili, ezinokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo iiparitha zomatshini werabha kunye nezixhobo zeplastiki phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zoxinzelelo ezifana nokwelula, ukunyanzeliswa kunye nokugoba. Ifanelekile kwiindidi zeerabha kunye neplastiki, kubandakanya irabha, iplastiki, izinto ezidibeneyo, njl.

Umatshini wokuvavanya amandla erabha yeplastiki ngokufaka ngokuthe ngcembe ukunyusa uxinzelelo kwizinto eziphathekayo, ngelixa ulinganisa ukuguqulwa kwezinto kwinkqubo yokuqina, ukuze kuqinisekiswe amandla okuqina ezinto eziphathekayo, ubude ngexesha lekhefu kunye nezinye iimpawu zokusebenza. Umgaqo wayo wokusebenza usekelwe kuMthetho kaHooke, othi ngaphakathi komda we-elastic, uxinzelelo lwento luhambelana noxinzelelo lwayo.

Umatshini wokuvavanya irabha kunye neplastiki yokunamathela kwi-tensile sisixhobo esibalulekileyo esisetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ukunamathela kwerabha kunye neengubo zeplastiki.
Iipropathi zokuncamathelisa irabha kunye neengubo zeplastiki zibaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo ezininzi zemizi-mveliso. Umhloli ulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo amandla ebhondi phakathi kwengubo kunye nesiseko sezinto ngokufanisa iimeko ezahlukeneyo zoxinzelelo ekusebenziseni ngokwenene.
Ngokuqhelekileyo isebenzisa iteknoloji yokubona i-mechanical advanced kunye neenkqubo zokulawula eziyinkimbinkimbi ukusebenzisa imithwalo kunye nokurekhoda ngokuchanekileyo utshintsho kumaxabiso amandla ngexesha lokwelula. Ukusebenza komatshini wokuvavanya kulula, kwaye umqhubi unokuseta iiparitha ezifanelekileyo ngokweemfuno ezahlukeneyo zovavanyo, njengesantya sokuqina, umthwalo omkhulu, njl.

Isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukulinganisa iipropathi zomatshini zeplastiki kunye nezixhobo zetsimbi phantsi komthwalo onzima. Ulwakhiwo lwalo olusisiseko lubandakanya ukulungiswa okusisigxina kunye nokulungiswa okushukumayo, kwaye iziphelo ezibini zesampulu yezinto eziphathekayo zigxininiswe kwizinto ezimbini ngokulandelelana ngexesha lovavanyo. Kwizixhobo zetsimbi, ukulungiswa kufuneka kube namandla okwaneleyo okubamba ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba isampuli ayiyi kutshitshiswa ngexesha lokwelula, kunye nokulungelelanisa kwiimilo ezahlukeneyo (ezifana neengqungquthela ezijikelezayo, ezixande, njl.) Kwimathiriyeli yeplastiki, ukulungiswa kufuneka kuqinisekise ukuba zombini i-clamping kwaye ayinakubangela umonakalo ogqithiseleyo we-extrusion kwisampuli.

Isixhobo esichanekileyo esenzelwe ukuvavanya amandla okuqina ephepha. Isakhiwo sonke sibandakanya iqonga lovavanyo, ukulungiswa, inkqubo yokulayisha kunye nenkqubo yokulinganisa. Iqonga lokuvavanya libonelela ngenkxaso ezinzileyo yephepha, i-fixture ibambe ngokuqinileyo isampuli yephepha ukuze ithintele ukutyibilika, inkqubo yokulayisha isebenzise ngokuchanekileyo amandla okuqina, kwaye inkqubo yokulinganisa ibeka iliso kumandla kunye nokuguqulwa ngexesha langempela.

Isixhobo soVavanyo lwe-Tensile ePhakamileyo kunye nePhantsi ngokuqhelekileyo siqulunqwe yinkqubo yokulawula, inkqubo yokulawula ubushushu, inkqubo yokulayisha kunye nenkqubo yokulinganisa. Inkqubo yokulawula inoxanduva lokuseta ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokulungelelanisa iiparamitha zovavanyo ezifana nobushushu, isantya sokuqina kunye namandla okuqina. Inkqubo yokulawula ukushisa inokufezekisa uluhlu olubanzi lokulawula ukushisa ukusuka kwiqondo eliphantsi ukuya phezulu, ukudala indawo efunekayo yokuvavanya. Inkqubo yokulayisha isebenzisa ukunyanzeliswa okuzinzile kunye nokulawulwayo ukufumanisa izikhombisi eziphambili ezifana nokuqina kokuqina kunye namandla esivuno sezinto eziphathekayo. Inkqubo yokulinganisa irekhoda ngokuchanekileyo i-deformation, uxinzelelo kunye nenye idatha yezinto eziphathekayo ngexesha lovavanyo Isebenza kwiinkalo ezininzi.

Umvavanyi wamandla ocinezelayo sisixhobo sovavanyo esibalulekileyo esisetyenziswa ngokukodwa ukulinganisa iipropathi ezicinezelayo zemathiriyeli. Idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwiinkalo ezininzi, ezifana nesayensi yezinto eziphathekayo, ukuvelisa, ubunjineli bokwakha, njl.

Isetyenziswa ikakhulu kuvavanyo oluchanekileyo lwamandla okuqina kunye nezinye iipropathi zezinto ezahlukeneyo. Ngokusebenzisa i-tensile force ethile, idatha eyahlukeneyo enje ngobuninzi be-tensile force, amandla emveliso kunye ne-elastic modulus inokulinganiswa ngokuchanekileyo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuqina kwezinto.
Umatshini wokuvavanya unenkqubo yokulawula ephezulu kunye neenzwa ezichanekileyo zokuqinisekisa ukuchaneka nokuthembeka kweziphumo zovavanyo.

Umatshini wokuvavanya ibhentshi ye-Tensile sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokuvavanya izinto. Isetyenziswa ikakhulu ukuvavanya iipropathi zoomatshini bezinto ezahlukeneyo ezifana ne-tensile kunye noxinzelelo.

Lo matshini wokuvavanya unenkqubo yokulinganisa echanekileyo, enokufumana ngokuchanekileyo idatha eyahlukeneyo ngexesha lenkqubo yoxinzelelo lwezinto eziphathekayo, njengamandla okunyamezela, amandla okuvelisa, i-modulus elastic, njl.

Lo matshini wenzelwe ukwenza iimvavanyo eziqinileyo kwizinto ezahlukeneyo. Ilinganisa amandla kunye nokuguqulwa kweesampuli phantsi kwemithwalo esetyenzisiweyo. Ngamandla okulinganisa achanekileyo, inika iziphumo ezichanekileyo zokulawula umgangatho kunye neenjongo zophando kuluhlu olubanzi lwamashishini.

Umatshini wokuvavanya amandla okuqina kwikholamu enye yezinto zeplastiki sisixhobo esikhethekileyo esenzelwe ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo amandla okuqina ezinto zeplastiki. Ibonisa isakhiwo sekholomu enye yokuzinza kunye nokuchaneka. Ngobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, ibonelela ngeziphumo ezithembekileyo zokulawula umgangatho kunye nokubonakaliswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kwishishini leplastiki. Lo matshini ubonelela ngokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa lula, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ube sisixhobo esixabisekileyo kubaphandi nakubavelisi ngokufanayo.